The problem with a single probability: when the brain says "70%", it doesn't tell you HOW confident it is in that 70%. Could be a robust 70% (drop any 20% of features and you still get 70%) or a fragile 70% (drop different features and you get anywhere from 50% to 90%).
MC Dropout estimates this cheaply: randomly mask 20% of features, predict, repeat 20 times, average + std. The math:
- Mean = avg of 20 samples = point estimate of probability
- Std = variance across samples = uncertainty
- p5, p95 = 5th and 95th percentiles = 90% confidence interval
Confidence categories:
- HIGH std < 3pp → full 1.0× size multiplier
- MEDIUM std 3-6pp → 0.75× size
- LOW std 6-10pp → 0.50× size
- VERY LOW std > 10pp → 0.25× size
The brain-bet page reads this and shrinks position size automatically when uncertainty is high. So you risk less on shaky picks.